Fellowship in OBS & GYNE

 Ultrasound was introduced in obstetrics and gynaecology about four decades ago. Since then, its impact has risen so much that it has become rare, even for a low-risk pregnancy not to have at least two scans. It has become pivotal in obstetrics and gynaecology decision-making, and rarely does any doctor decide with just a pelvic exam. If you are pregnant or have been advised to have an ultrasound, here's everything you should know about this diagnostic test.

What are Obstetrics and Gynaecology?

OB/GYN, Obstetrics, and gynaecology is a speciality in medicine that focuses on pregnancy, childbirth and the female reproductive system. Doctors specialising in this speciality are responsible for diagnosing, treating and managing the many conditions affecting women at various stages of their lives. OB/GYN specialists are also responsible for pregnant women's care, including prenatal, labour, delivery and postnatal care. These physicians may also specialise in gynaecology and treat and manage various issues related to the female reproductive system. Ultrasound is a valuable diagnostic test that specialists use for better outcomes.

What is an Ultrasound Test?

It is a safe, non-invasive and effective medical test done by a professional to view the body's internals and analyse and diagnose the root cause of a problem. High-frequency sound waves map the body organs and show images on a monitor. This test, also called sonography, is researched to be safe for monitoring not only the internal organs but also the fetus, as there is no radiation used to capture images. So that no harm is caused to the fetus or the body tissues by the sound waves, it helps to view various internal organs like the kidneys, bladder, ovaries, gallbladder, eyes, liver, brain, etc. The ultrasound machine transforms the sound waves into pictures, which can be seen on the monitor. Like the amniotic fluid, less dense areas reflect black, while the thicker areas appear greyish. The bone is the whitest image seen on the ultrasound.

It gives detailed information about maternal and fetal anatomy, growth and development. In obstetrics, this effective tool can accurately determine fetal size, gestational age, position and any fetal complications or abnormalities. Ultrasound is not only used to monitor the fetus's well-being but also helps in procedures like fetal blood sampling and amniocentesis.

Ultrasound in Gynaecology

• It examines the ovaries, tubes, uterus and pelvis.
• It can determine the cause of abnormal bleeding.
• It helps to identify the cause of pelvic pain.
• It diagnoses conditions like ovarian cysts, fibroids and endometrial cancer.
• It checks if the placement of the IUD is correct.
• It helps to identify abnormal masses in the ovaries and the uterus.
• It can check the interior of the uterus through a procedure called Sonohystogram.

What to Expect at an Ultrasound?

An ultrasound test, which uses sound waves to create images of the body, is a straightforward, painless procedure that does not require an injection or needle. It is one of the least costly imaging tests. This test is safe for both the mother and the fetus as it does not require radiation. It provides a good view of the internals of the womb and does not harm anyone in any way.

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