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GYNE OBS Ultrasound: A Comprehensive Overview

Introduction

Gynecology and Obstetrics (GYNE OBS) ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging technique used to assess the female reproductive system and monitor pregnancy. It plays a pivotal role in diagnosing gynecological conditions, evaluating fetal development, and guiding therapeutic procedures.

Types of GYNE OBS Ultrasound

1. Gynecological Ultrasound

This focuses on the non-pregnant female pelvis, evaluating:

• Uterus: For fibroids, endometrial thickness, congenital anomalies.

• Ovaries: For cysts, tumors, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

• Adnexa: To detect masses, infections (e.g., tubo-ovarian abscess).

• Pelvic Floor: For prolapse and incontinence evaluation.

Techniques:

• Transabdominal: Useful for larger overviews.

• Transvaginal: Provides higher resolution images, preferred for early diagnosis.

2. Obstetric Ultrasound

Used during pregnancy to:

• Confirm viability and intrauterine location.

• Estimate gestational age and expected due date.

• Monitor fetal growth, anatomy, and well-being.

• Detect congenital anomalies.

• Assess placenta, amniotic fluid, and fetal position.

Common Scans:

• First trimester (6–13 weeks): Dating and viability.

• Second trimester (18–22 weeks): Detailed anomaly scan.

• Third trimester: Growth monitoring, Doppler studies.

Advanced Applications.

• Sonohysterography: Saline infusion to enhance uterine cavity visualization.

• Ultrasound-Guided Procedures: Includes biopsies, aspirations, and embryo transfers in fertility treatments.

Clinical Importance

• Early detection of ectopic pregnancy or miscarriage.

• Accurate assessment of menstrual disorders, infertility, or pelvic pain.

• Critical for monitoring high-risk pregnancies (e.g., preeclampsia, IUGR).

• Guiding minimally invasive surgeries and treatments.

Safety

Ultrasound is considered safe with no known harmful effects when used appropriately. It uses sound waves, not ionizing radiation, making it ideal for obstetric imaging.

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